The issue of single-payer is front-and-center for gubernatorial candidates as California heads toward the June 5 primary.
Tremendous uncertainty exists over how a state-based single-payer system would work, but no matter how it's crafted, the costs would be steep.
Angela Hart's reporting on single-payer health care was undertaken as a 2017 California Data Fellow at the USC Annenberg Center for Health Journalism.
From Singapore to England, every country that has more successfully managed health care costs than the U.S. has chosen a path of self-discipline and free-market restraints.
This Silicon Valley response to medical care should make large health systems squirm and might force them to modernize in response to this new challenge.